Two figures for last year’s last-month-rule amount
Last year’s workpapers can hold an early estimate in a letter and the final figures in the filed worksheet. A tool that copies the first figure it finds can put an amount nobody checked into income and the additional tax.
A full-year limit for part-year coverage
The yearly HSA limit printed in guides and payroll portals assumes coverage all year. When coverage changed mid-year, software can copy that figure anyway.
Payroll deposits counted twice
Pretax payroll deposits show up on the HSA statement, and the W-2 adds them into one code W total. Software can count the deposits and then add the W-2 total on top, or treat them as the person’s own money.
A deduction that’s just what went in
When more went into the HSA than the limit allows, software often copies the person’s total contributions as the deduction.